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by Theology in the Raw
Helping believers think Christianly about theological and cultural issues by engaging in curious conversations with a diverse range of thoughtful people.
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- Aug 20, 20261h 7m
Is the Old Testament Law Filled with Punishment, Legalism, and Arbitrary Rules? Dr. Dru Johnson
Be sure to check out our “Extra Innings” conversation where we discuss what the Old Testament actually says about sex outside of marriage. Surprisingly, there’s no explicit verse in the OT that forbids it. To listen to the full conversation, become a member of the TITR community at https://www.patreon.com/theologyintherawDr. Dru Johnson (PhD, University of St. Andrews) is Templeton Senior Research Fellow and director of the Abrahamic Theistic Origins Project at Wycliffe Hall, University of Oxford. He is also a visiting professor of religion at Hope College, director of the Center for Hebraic Thought, editor of the Routledge Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Biblical Criticism series, host of The Biblical Mind podcast, and cohost of the OnScript podcast. And, he’s written a bunch of awesome books including his recent book Understanding Biblical Law: Skills for Thinking With and Through Torah, which forms the basis of our fascinating conversation. 00:00:00 Introduction00:01:36 What Is the Old Testament Law?00:04:00 Does "the Law" Mean the Ten Commandments or the Entire Old Testament?00:06:24 The Law Is More Than Rules: Understanding Biblical Law00:08:52 Does "Eye for an Eye" Mean Literal Retribution?00:14:28 Reading Old Testament Laws as Principles, Not Just Rules00:18:07 "You Shall Not Murder" vs. "You Shall Not Kill"00:22:49 How to Learn Ethics from Bible Stories00:24:53 Does the Bible Endorse Polygamy?00:25:58 Why the Laws of Moses Are Different from Other Ancient Laws00:28:11 Moses, David, and Other Morally Complex Bible Stories00:33:44 Are Women Portrayed Better Than Men in the Bible?00:38:13 How to Apply Biblical Narratives Today00:41:25 Biblical Discernment vs. Looking for Easy Answers00:45:21 How Should Christians Read Difficult Old Testament Laws?00:51:13 Why Were Old Testament Punishments So Severe?00:57:17 Restorative Justice in Ancient Israel: Why Were There No Prisons?01:00:31 The Sons of Korah and Other Difficult Old Testament JudgmentsSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
- Aug 17, 202659 min
How Attachment Theory Helps Us Understand Ourselves: Dr. Alison Cook
To listen to our extra innings conversation, head over to patreon.com/theologyintheraw and become a member of the TITR community and get access to all of my extra innings conversations and a bunch bonus contentDr. Alison Cook is a therapist, psychologist of religion, bestselling author, and host of the top-ranked The Best of You podcast. She holds degrees from Dartmouth College (BA), Denver Seminary (MA), and the University of Denver (PhD). Alison has spent over two decades helping people move from feeling disconnected to feeling secure, grounded, and loved. She’s the author of four books including her most recent book: The Secure Soul: Finding Inner Strength and Connection When Trust Doesn’t Come Easy, which forms the foundation of our conversation. https://www.amazon.com/dp/1400352606?lv=shuf&channelId=500&plpRedirect=mhFallbackTime Stamps00:00 Introduction02:06 Splitting time between Wyoming and Boston07:35 Attachment Theory Explained10:35 How Childhood Trauma Shapes Adult Relationships18:01 What About People That Didn’t Experience Trauma?22:47 Does everyone have some kind of attachment issue? 23:59 Why the Church Often Misunderstands Self-Care24:37 The Problem with Secular Self-Care Culture 25:22 Avoidant Attachment: First Steps30:09 Preston Gets Live Therapy34:00 Thinkers vs. Feelers 39:04 Core Memories and Emotional Healing46:43 Getting to Know our own Souls 48:06 Can Christians Trust Psychology?50:29 How Your Parents Shape Your View of God53:41 Common Unaddressed Issues: Shame or BlameSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
- Aug 13, 20261h 6m
Christian Zionism, Gaza, and the Cost of Silence: Dr. Daniel Bannoura
Dr. Daniel Bannoura (Ph.D. Notre Dame University) is a Palestinian theologian and Director of Public Engagement at the Bethlehem Institute for Peace & Justice. Daniel received his PhD degree in Qur'anic Studies from the University of Notre Dame. His research focuses on the history and redaction of the Qur'an, Christian-Muslim relations, and Palestinian theology. Daniel also host of “Across the Divide”, a podcast that provides a space for thoughtful conversations about Palestine-Israel through the lens of faith and peace-making. Check out the Church at the Crossroads conference in Atlanta, Nov 5-7, 2026 and the Christ at the Checkpoint Conference in Bethlehem, Dec 27th-31st, 2026. Time Stamps: 00:00:00 Intro00:02:29 Why a Palestinian Christian Researches the Qur’an00:05:04 Did Muhommed Actually Exist?00:11:43 Christian assumptions about Muslims in Gaza 00:16:00 Double Standards for Gazan Christian Deaths 00:16:48 Why are People Still Dying during the Ceasefire?00:18:53 The Debate Around Using the Term “Genocide” 00:23:49 The Shrinking Borders Around Gaza 00:25:24 UN Report on Children being Targeted in Gaza00:27:36 Life Expectancy, Malnutrition, and the Hidden Death Toll00:29:16 Why the World Knows but Hasn’t Stopped it 00:45:54 The Shifting Political Landscape00:51:08 Upcoming Conferences in Bethlehem and Atlanta 00:56:34 What can the Church do? 01:04:38 An Appeal to Christian LeadersSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
- Aug 10, 20261h 1m
Dr. Zach Wagner: What Is Biblical Masculinity? Part 2
If you want to listen to our "Extra Innings" conversation about whether marriage is necessary for men to be truly masculine, head over to patreon.com/theologyintheraw and become a member of the Theology in the Raw community. Dr. Zachary Wagner (DPhil, Oxford) is an author, ordained minister, and New Testament scholar. He’s written two books that deal with masculinity, male sexuality, and virtue: Non-Toxic Masculinity: Recovering Healthy Male Sexuality and his most recent Men of Virtue: How the Fruit of the Spirit Forms Male Character in the Modern World. He is currently pursuing publication for his DPhil thesis, as well as a further writing and research projects on Christianity and Stoicism. Learn more about Zachary on his website.Time Stamps:00:00 Introduction to Part 201:59 Defining “Biblical” masculinity 03:37 What do people mean when the call their view “biblical”? 04:29 How much of the Bible is directed specifically to men? 07:22 Cultural Norms vs Universal Mandates around Gender10:59 Biology: The impact of Testosterone 19:42 How Important are Gender Roles for Discipleship? 21:34 How Jesus “rewrites” Masculinity 25:19 Do husbands have a moral mandate to be the primary breadwinner? 29:03 Post Industrial careers and gender38:02 Do men have a moral obligation to protect women? 49:29 Christian masculinity and non-violence52:27 Does the Bible mandate Chivalry? See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
- Aug 6, 20261h 7m
Seth Troutt: What Is Biblical Masculinity? Part 1
Join the Theology in the Raw Community on Patreon to listen to our Extra Innings Segment about whether or not you need to be married to truly be masculine. You’ll also get bonus episodes, Zoom meet ups, and more! What does it mean to be a man? It's a question that's generating plenty of heat online, but not much clarity. In this first episode of a two-part series on biblical masculinity, Preston sits down with Seth Troutt to separate what Scripture actually teaches from the messages coming from the online manosphere.Before we can have a meaningful conversation about masculinity and femininity, Seth argues that we first need to understand the difference between man and God. From there, the conversation explores what it means to bear God's image as men and women, the role of humility, responsibility, chivalry, provision, and the significance of the real physical differences between the sexes.Seth Troutt is the Teaching Pastor at Ironwood Church in the Phoenix metro area. He holds a doctorate focused on digital technology, Generation Z, and gender identity, and writes and teaches on the intersection of theology, technology, and culture. He’s also the author of Authentic Masculinity: Leaving Behind the Counterfeits for God’s Design which is available now. Part 2 of this series, featuring Zachary Wagner, releases next week.Time Stamps00:00:00 Introduction00:06:15 What is Biblical Masculinity?00:07:58 What Andrew Tate and the Manosphere get wrong00:14:48 Is Chivalry a calling for men only? 00:16:41 Examples of powerful women from Scripture 00:21:32 Cultural expectations versus scriptural mandates for men and women00:23:45 Physical differences between men and women (and the exceptions)00:25:52 Should men be providers? Culture vs. Biblical mandate 00:28:43 Should Mothers of young children have jobs? 00:31:33 Why discipline is important for young men 00:33:28 Should certain careers be just for men?00:38:23 Do Christian men have a moral mandate to protect women? 00:41:19 Why did god make men and women differently? 00:45:50 Physical Differences do not mean “better” 00:50:41 Nick Fuentes, Andrew Tate, real influence? 00:58:01 Pastoring in this weird cultural moment 01:02:28 Should Pastors podcast? See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
- Aug 5, 202618 min
Bonus Q & A Preview
Join the Theology in the Raw Patreon community to watch the full episode! For as little as $5 per month, you'll get these bonus Q&A's, as well as Extra Innings segments, Zoom conversations, and our brand new At Home with The Sprinkles videos. Here's the full list of Questions: 00:00 Intro00:36 How do you think purity culture has affected asexuality among Christians? Have you done any study of asexuality? And if not, would you consider it?04:33 Several young people in my life are doubting Jesus' divinity. What are some of the best thoughts you have on helping them see & understand Jesus' divine nature? And what resources would you recommend those of us in conversation with these young people?13:04 How would you respond to someone who says that everything is God's will and God never makes mistakes, when something really bad happens?15:54 If same-sex attraction is not a sin, then what is it? And how should Christians relate to it in their own lives?18:07 How do I help my Conservative friends know why I'm not "fixing" my lgtbq friends' orientation and am first loving them and helping them experience Jesus? 21:03 How can lay people practically ensure the strength of our research matches the strength of our convictions/passions?24:32 How do Pastors of small and financially struggling church make income to live? Balance of trusting God’s calling and provision vs quitting ministry? 27:20 Rom 12:18 says if possible live in peace with everyone: how do you go about sharing church community with broken relationships that can’t be reconciled?29:54 What have you seen that helps people to become formed and developed as disciples of Jesus in different seasons of life— 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s etc? 36:45 Recently there’s been renewed conversation online about the dangers of Islam, Sharia Law, and Muslims taking over the United States. Is this just fear mongering? Should someone speak out against that? 47:06 Rachel Held Evans had a phrase she used to say: "On the days when I believe...", implying there were days when she struggled to believe the beautiful but crazy and often bewildering story of Jesus and the gospel. If there are days when you struggle to believe, what do you do? 51:29 How do you reconcile the Biblical account of creation with the evidence for pre-human hominids? Is there any way to believe in a literal Adam and Eve without disbelieving all the evidence for pre-human hominids?54:46 In Does the Bible Support Same-Sex Marriage?, you argue that you don’t need sex and marriage to have a fulfilling life, referring to the NT’s view of singleness. While this is a great response when talking to a fellow inerrantist, how would you make the same point when talking to a skeptic (specifically, a skeptic who thinks the Bible is anti-Gay)?57:32 Which view of interpreting the story of Noah & son’s sin in Genesis 9 is your preferred?See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
- Aug 3, 202659 min
Partnering with Indigenous Leaders in Global Missions: Janice Allen
Janice Rosser Allen is CEO and President of International Cooperating Ministries (ICM), the global ministry founded by her father, Dois Rosser, which celebrates its 40th anniversary this year. She has served on ICM’s Board of Directors since 1986 and has led the organization as CEO since 2008. A graduate of the University of Virginia and Duke University, Janice worked in clinical and academic oncology nursing before God called her into full-time ministry with ICM. Widowed at 51, she is an ordained elder, author of God in the Crossroads, and she’s passionate about empowering indigenous Christian leaders worldwide.00:00 — Introduction: How ICM Is Growing the Global Church06:07 — Albert Schweitzer's Missionary Legacy and Radical Faith08:09 — Indigenous Missions: Why Local Church Leaders Matter11:46 — Cooperating with local, indigenous leadership in missions16:12 — How Technology Is Transforming Christian Missions18:07 — How Mission Organizations Vet Trusted Partners22:07 — What the Global Church Can Teach Western Christians29:37 — Powerful Mission Stories from Vietnam and Rwanda34:31 — American Christianity vs. the Global Church41:41 — Church Growth in Iran, Nepal, and Other Restricted Nations45:54 — Why Christianity Is Growing in Thailand47:03 — Prosperity Gospel and Persecution: Challenges Facing the Global Church50:08 — Building local churches with local workers and materials51:20 — Are Short-Term Mission Trips Helping or Hurting?56:56 — How You Can Support Indigenous MissionsSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
- Jul 30, 202659 min
Living Well in a Chaotic World: Dr. Alan Noble
Dr. O. Alan Noble is Professor of English at Oklahoma Baptist University, a fellow at the Keller Center for Cultural Apologetics, and author of four books, including his most recent book: To Live Well: Practical Wisdom for Moving Through Chaotic Times. Check out the Christ at the Checkpoint conference at: www.christatthecheckpoint.bethbc.eduTime Stamps:00:00 Introduction 03:46 Advice for Aspiring Writers07:03 Moral Confusion and Living Well in Chaotic Times10:47 Can Going Offline Fix Modern Life?13:04 The Seven Classical Virtues Explained14:28 On Prudence and Difficulty Making Decisions22:49 Why Courage Is Hard for Young Adults Today27:19 Justice, Social Media, and Virtue Signaling36:07 Suffering, Courage, and Healing from Trauma42:23 Which Virtues Are Hardest to Practice?44:50 Politics, Institutions, and the Common Good52:47 Are Big Corporations Inherently Evil? (Closing Thoughts)See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
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