What Makes a Microphone Directional? Part Two

After finishing Part One with bikes, the team takes a fairly sharp turn into microphone physics. What makes a microphone directional? How does an interference tube reject sound? Why can the Sennheiser MKH 416 sound fantastic in one booth and thoroughly ordinary in another? Prompted by tours of the Neumann factory, George, Robert, and AP explore shotgun microphones, cardioid patterns, off axis coloration, acoustic treatment and the physics that manufacturers use to control what a microphone hears. The discussion includes the Sennheiser MKH 416, MKH 8060, RØDE NTG5, Earthworks Ethos, electret capsules, true condensers and MEMS microphones. There is even a detour into the oldest captured human voice before everything eventually winds up on Electric Avenue.