511 TED-ED 我们是从什么时候开始使用护照的

获取全套TED资料（音频、视频、英中双语对照文本），请关注公众号【悦读烩】Passports are not the first form of travel documents: in Ancient Egypt, travelers carried “letters of safe conduct” issued by rulers; in Han China and Tudor England, foreigners were issued travel passes. However, for much of human history, borders have been relatively fluid, and travel lacked bureaucratic requirements. So, what changed? Kristin Surak details the history of the passport system. [Directed by Tomás Pichardo-Espaillat, narrated by Addison Anderson, music by Cem Misirlioglu, WORKPLAYWORK]. 护照并非最早的旅行证件：在古埃及，旅行者携带由统治者签发的“安全通行信函”；在汉朝中国和都铎王朝时期的英国，外国人会被发放旅行通行证。然而，在人类历史的大部分时间里，边界相对流动，旅行也缺乏繁琐的行政要求。那么，是什么发生了变化？克里斯汀·苏拉克（Kristin Surak）详细讲述了护照制度的历史。